RAINCLOUDTeam

Norine MacDonald
PRESIDENT AND FOUNDER
Norine MacDonald KC is President and Founder of RAIN Defense + AI.
She was formerly President and Founder of The International Council on Security and Development (ICOS), an international security and development, a think tank founded in 2002 with offices in Kabul, London, Rio de Janeiro, Brussels and Paris, and field offices in the Afghan cities of Lashkar Gah and Kandahar City.
Ms MacDonald is Former Visiting Distinguished Fellow at National Defense University. Her research focus is on issues related to the intersection of Artificial Intelligence and the defense and intelligence sector. Specific research interests include mapping the Artificial Intelligence for defense and intelligence innovation ecosystem, with a view to providing policy insight for decision makers, as well as global mapping of this sector. In 2020 MacDonald authored, ‘Killing Me Softly: Competition in Artificial Intelligence and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles‘ with George Howell.
She graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management in Artificial Intelligence: Implications for Business Strategy in September 2020.
In 2018 MacDonald was awarded the US Department of the Army Decoration for Distinguished Civilian Service and also in 2018, she received the Distinguished Public Service Medal for exceptional service to the United States Army.

Emmanuel Reinert
CEO
Emmanuel Reinert is an accomplished executive with a broad background in international policy, global philanthropy, research, and advocacy. With a deep commitment to global security, he has consistently displayed transparent leadership throughout his career.
As Chief Executive Officer at RAIN DEFENSE + AI since July 2022, Emmanuel has played a central role in advancing the digitalization of RAIN’s offerings. He led the launch of RAINCLOUD, a dynamic business and knowledge hub for the Defense + AI ecosystem.
Previously, Emmanuel served as Executive Director at the International Council on Security and Development (ICOS). There, he led field research initiatives in conflict and post-conflict zones, resulting in sustainable policy recommendations. Under his leadership, ICOS experienced substantial growth, expanding from a team of 2 to over 150 personnel. Emmanuel crafted strategies across six major program areas, facilitating connections between individuals and policies. He also established crucial relationships with international donors and private funders, resulting in a significant increase in funding over six years. His influence extended to high-level government officials, ministers, parliamentary representatives, and academia, securing media coverage on major platforms like CNN and BBC.
Emmanuel Reinert’s portfolio encompassed projects in diverse regions, including the UAE, Jordan, Afghanistan, Brazil, Paraguay, and Colombia. Emmanuel also diversified the Latin America portfolio to address issues such as violence against children in Brazil and the human security of young adults in Colombia. He developed a successful model in Rio de Janeiro to empower disadvantaged communities, which was later adopted by city officials for other areas.
In his role as Executive Director of THE MERCATOR FUND from 2004 to 2014, Emmanuel Reinert played a dual role within the ICOS parent organization. He engaged with the global philanthropic community to support projects driving social and political change. Emmanuel also led a successful advocacy campaign on policy reform for private donors, resulting in a substantial increase in funding over five years.
Emmanuel Reinert’s extensive career also encompassed roles as Director of Public Affairs at CEA – European Insurance Federation and Deputy to the Secretary General, where he managed the implementation of a substantial TACIS program. Additionally, he served as Chief Operating Officer at EURO PUBLISHING SYSTEM in Brussels, an Intelligence Analyst at SECRETARIAT GENERAL DE LA DEFENSE NATIONAL in Paris, and Corporate Lawyer in firms such as CLIFFORD CHANCE (Paris) and CHRISTIES AND WIENER (New-York).
Emmanuel Reinert’s dedication to lifelong learning is evident in his educational pursuits. He completed the MIT SLOAN SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT’s “Digital Transformation: Platform Strategies For Success” program in 2023 and the SAÏD BUSINESS SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD’s “Venture Finance Programme” in 2022. Emmanuel holds LLM degrees in International Private Law and European Community Law from UNIVERSITY PARIS II ASSAS, earned in 1986.

George Howell
DIRECTOR OF RAIN+ Industry
George Howell is the Director of RAIN+ Industry. In 2022 Howell was lead author on three of RAIN Research’s commercial reports: High-Altitude Platform Systems + Artificial Intelligence, High-Altitude Long-Endurance Uncrewed Systems, and The Venture Capital + Defense Directory. Howell co-authored a paper for National Defense University’ PRISM Magazine ‘Singularity’ issue with Norine MacDonald QC, President + Founder of RAIN. Published in January 2020, ‘Killing Me Softly: Competition in Artificial Intelligence and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles’ explored the use of artificial intelligence in military uncrewed aerial vehicles
Howell previously worked for The International Council on Security and Development (ICOS), conducting research into global security and economic development.
In 2008 he helped establish The Centre for Excellence on Public Security in Rio de Janeiro, a think tank working to bring together policy makers, independent experts, for dialogues towards generating innovative solutions to complex public policy issues.

Dr. Jorrit Kamminga
DIRECTOR of RAIN+ Ethics
Jorrit Kamminga is Director of RAIN+ Ethics. He is also an Associate Fellow at the Clingendael Institute. Dr. Kamminga brings two decades of experience working on the nexus between security and development, with a special focus on Afghanistan and Colombia. He holds a PhD in International Relations from the University of Valencia, Spain.
He was previously Director of Research of The International Council on Security and Development (ICOS), conducting field research in central, southern and western Afghanistan.

Calum Bartlett
RAINCLOUD Team Leader
Calum has varied experience across the media, military, and healthcare industries. A former BBC Researcher, he joined the British Army as a combat medic and deployed to Germany and Afghanistan. After graduating from the University of Aberdeen with a BSc in Genetics, he returned to research work with the BBC and other international media companies before joining RAIN.

Kyle Kunkle
ANALYST
Kyle Kunkle is an analyst at RAIN Defense + AI supporting the RAINCLOUD platform development. Based in the Outer Hebrides, he brings over 10 years of experience in the field of General Technology.

Ross Budge
ANALYST
Ross Budge is an analyst at RAIN Defence + AI supporting the RAINCLOUD platform from Stornoway, Scotland. He graduated from the University of Aberdeen with an MA in History and International Relations. His experience lies in analysing international security challenges and strategies as well as in community outreach and engagement.

Ross Maciver
ANALYST
Ross Maciver is an analyst at RAIN Defense + AI based in Stornoway, Scotland. His main role is supporting the development of the RAINCLOUD platform,. Maciver has experience in data analysis and in data research. In 2020, he graduated from Webber International University in Florida, with a degree in Business Administration. He has a strong interest in international relations and developing working knowledge in the fields of artificial intelligence and national security.

William Allbrooks
IT SUPPORT
William Allbrooks is an Information Systems Manager and US Army veteran with 20+ years of experience. His professional trajectory includes over twelve years working Executive Communications as a Primary/Personal Communicator for 8 four-star Generals from all branches of the military. Allbrooks, a highly decorated soldier, served eight deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan. His hands-on experience spans from software programming, cybersecurity and network administration, to project management and personnel management throughout the US Department of Defense. His certifications include ITIL, Sec+, Server+, and A+. In addition to his role at RAIN Defense + AI, Allbrooks is currently focused on devising solutions to complex communication and operational problems in the private sector.
OUR SUPPORT TEAM

Alice and Boyo

Hugo
